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TRAINING DISCIPLINES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE EXCHANGE ACTIVITIES

"Stocks and bonds market"- As an academic discipline, it is taught to all full-time, correspondence students of the leading economic specialties of the university. Students in the learning process get acquainted with the basic terms of securities, their types and functions. The securities market is a sector of the financial market that accumulates temporarily free capital of investors and acts as a place of collision and realization of the interests of sellers and buyers of securities. Stocks and bonds market-is a place of trading in securities, where various entities interact, providing transactions for the sale of securities and their derivatives. This is the interconnection of various areas in the economy, banking, computer facilities, in the organization and control of the market participants. This discipline has the task of giving students initial information about the securities market and stock exchange business. The purpose of the course is to systematize the basic knowledge and concepts of the functioning mechanism, the technique of operations in the securities market.
Particular attention is paid to developing students' theoretical and practical skills in working with various financial instruments, as well as the formation of a scientific approach to the analysis of real stock market problems in the current conditions. Therefore, this discipline is intended for students of higher educational institutions.

“International commodity-financial exchanges” - this discipline is intended for students of the specialty “stock market” and makes it possible to master the theory of the nature and role of commodity-financial exchanges in the economic development of society. The exchange is a special, institutionally organized market where securities of the highest investment quality are traded and transactions performed by professional participants in the securities market. The purpose of the course is to study the theory and practice of the securities market and exchange activity, as well as their role in the modern economy. Therefore, this discipline is intended for students of higher educational institutions.

“Currency regulation and currency control” - this discipline is intended for full-time students of the specialty “stock market” with a bachelor's degree. Currency regulation is the process and procedure for state management of the monetary sphere in the economy. Currency regulation is an integral part of the monetary policy and includes the principles established by the state, methods and forms of currency transactions in the country, a way of state regulation of the currency sphere of the economy in order to increase economic efficiency and ensure financial and budgetary security.

“Exchange business”- this discipline is intended for students of the specialties “stock market” and “banking”. The stock exchange is the organizer of trading in the securities market. It is a non-profit organization whose equal members can only be professional participants in the securities market. The tasks of the stock exchange include: mobilization of financial resources; ensuring liquidity of financial investments; securities market regulation. The functions of stock exchanges are: organization of exchange trading, preparation and implementation of exchange contracts; stock price quotation; Information Support; guaranteed execution of exchange transactions.

A stock exchange is a centralized market with a fixed trading location. The rapid development of modern technologies, including computer technology, has led to the fact that in modern exchange markets securities can be traded from remote terminals, so the presence of a trading platform ceases to be a defining feature of a stock exchange. However, in this case, the market remains centralized, transactions are concluded through a single trading network for a given trading platform according to uniform rules.

“Organization of joint-stock companies” - this discipline is intended for students of the specialty “stock market”. A joint-stock company is a commercial organization whose charter capital is divided into a certain number of shares, their participants (shareholders) are not liable for the obligations of the joint-stock company and the probability of losses from its activities are incurred within the value of the shares they hold.

“Forward and futures operations” - this discipline is intended for students of the specialty “stock market”. Futures and forward - typical exchange futures contracts, the purchase and sale of which means an obligation to deliver or receive on a certain date in the future the quantity of products indicated in it at the price fixed at the time of conclusion of the contract. Forward contracts are traded on the over-the-counter market, their circulation is possible only by assigning the right to claim.

“Money, credit, banks” - this discipline is intended for students of all specialties of the bachelor's degree. This is a theoretical course, a continuation of the analysis of economic relations in society. It gives a capacious and at the same time concise characterization of the nature and role of money and credit in the economy.

“Financial control in the stock market” - Financial control is one of the most important institutions of financial law. In modern conditions, it is aimed not only at the financial activities of the state, but involves monitoring the activities of all business entities. The securities market, being a part of the financial market, provides redistribution of financial resources and provides the possibility of such redistribution through the most flexible and effective financial instrument - securities.

“Organization of sale of securities”- as a subject of study the students of the 4-th course of the specialty 1-25010408 - the stock market, 1-25010409 - regulation and customs control in the field of finance and day-to-day economic specialties of the university. Students will be introduced to the basic concepts of securities in the form, function and types of securities, as well as how to attract and sell them.

“The securities market and exchange business” - as an academic discipline intended for students of specialties 1-25010408 - the stock market and 1-25010409 - customs regulation and control in the field of finance. Particular attention is paid to developing students' theoretical and practical skills in working with various financial instruments, as well as the formation of a scientific approach to the analysis of real stock market problems in the current conditions. Therefore, this discipline is intended for students of higher educational institutions.

“Currency and foreign exchange market” - as an academic discipline intended for students of specialties 1-25010408 - the stock market and 1-25010409 - customs regulation and control in the field of finance, a bachelor's degree. The credit market is a general designation of those markets where there is a supply and demand for various means of payment. Credit transactions are usually mediated by credit institutions (banks, etc.), which borrow and lend money, or by the movement of various debt instruments that are sold and bought on the securities market.

"Organization of stock exchanges in the Republic of Tajikistan" - as an academic discipline intended for students of specialties 1-25010408 - the stock market and 1-25010409 - customs regulation and control in the field of finance. Students in the learning process get acquainted with the basic concepts of the stock exchange, its types and functions. The exchange is an organized market, the origin of which comes from caravan trade. There are several versions of the origin of the term "exchange". One version ascribes the appearance of this term to a specific person: in the Belgian city of Bruges, there was a special area for trade, which was called "de bursa", named after the master's large brokerage office, Van de Bursa. Mr. Van de Bursa gathered merchants for tenders in his house, and perhaps this influenced the name of this form of trade.

“Stock exchanges of foreign countries” - as an educational discipline, it is intended for students of all specialties. The United States exchange system is the largest and most extensive in the world. The oldest of the stock exchanges in the United States is the Philadelphia, operating since 1754, the Paris Stock Exchange (Society des Bourses Franchises - Paris Bourse), the creation of which dates back to the beginning of the 15th century, is the main place for organized securities trading in France.

“Professional activity in the securities market” - this discipline is a component of the cycle of general professional disciplines in the training of specialists and is closely related to such special disciplines as the Stock Exchange and Exchange Business. The course aims to not only familiarize students with the concept of professional activity, its functions, the technique of carrying out exchange operations, but also to show the role and place of the exchange in a market economy, the development trend of exchange trading.
The objectives of the course are to study:
• exchange operations;
• existing methods for quoting commodity prices;
• procedure for conducting exchange trading;
• functions and tasks of professional intermediaries on exchanges.

“Joint-stock companies in the securities market” - as an academic discipline, it is intended for students of all specialties. The objectives of the course are to study: the essence of joint-stock companies, their role in the securities market and the operation of joint-stock companies in the securities market. The founders of the joint-stock company sign a constituent agreement between themselves, which defines the procedure for joint activities on the establishment of a joint-stock company, the size of the authorized capital, the types of shares placed among the founders, the size and procedure for payment of shares, as well as the rights and obligations of the founders to create a joint-stock company. The authorized capital of the joint-stock company is made up of the nominal value of the placed shares of the joint-stock company acquired by the shareholders.